Macro XSET (from Fraktal SAS Programming): Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

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Zeile 35: Zeile 35:
 
;data ecotope / view = ecotope;  
 
;data ecotope / view = ecotope;  
 
</font>  
 
</font>  
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|Start datastep run group to create a view
 
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Zeile 65: Zeile 65:
 
;%IF %LENGTH(&XVAR.) != 0 %THEN %DO;
 
;%IF %LENGTH(&XVAR.) != 0 %THEN %DO;
 
</font>  
 
</font>  
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|Specify condition on macro parameter ''xvar'' for using code segment  
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|Specify branch on macro parameter ''xvar'' for using code segment  
 
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:if trim(xvar) = "%UPCASE(&XVAR.)";
 
:if trim(xvar) = "%UPCASE(&XVAR.)";
 
</font>  
 
</font>  
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|Conditionally executed code
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|Restrict properties kept to name in macro parameter ''xvar''
 
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Zeile 77: Zeile 77:
 
;%END;
 
;%END;
 
</font>  
 
</font>  
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|End condition on macro parameter ''xvar''
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|End branch on macro parameter ''xvar''
 
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<font face="Courier New">  
 
<font face="Courier New">  
 
;run;
 
;run;
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</font>
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|End data step run group
 
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<font face="Courier New">  
 
<font face="Courier New">  
 
;proc sql noprint;
 
;proc sql noprint;
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</font>
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|Initialize SQL interpreter in silent mode
 
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<font face="Courier New">  
 
<font face="Courier New">  
 
:select xvar
 
:select xvar
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</font>
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|Query values in data field ''xvar''
 
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<font face="Courier New">  
 
<font face="Courier New">  
 
:  into :xvar_l separated by ' '
 
:  into :xvar_l separated by ' '
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</font>
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|Generate macro variable ''xvar_l'' from blank-separated list-of-values
 
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<font face="Courier New">  
 
<font face="Courier New">  
 
:  from ecotope
 
:  from ecotope
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</font>
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|Use data step view ''ecotope''
 
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<font face="Courier New">  
 
<font face="Courier New">  
 
: ;
 
: ;
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</font>
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|Trigger immediate query execution
 
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<font face="Courier New">  
 
<font face="Courier New">  
 
;quit;
 
;quit;
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</font>
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|Terminate SQL interpreter
 
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<font face="Courier New">  
 
<font face="Courier New">  
 
:%GLOBAL &XVAR_L.;
 
:%GLOBAL &XVAR_L.;
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</font>
 
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Zeile 131: Zeile 131:
 
;data _NULL_;
 
;data _NULL_;
 
</font>  
 
</font>  
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|Start datastep run group
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|Start datastep run group without creating a dataset
 
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<font face="Courier New">  
 
<font face="Courier New">  
 
: set ecotope;
 
: set ecotope;
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</font>
 
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Version vom 12. August 2014, 09:26 Uhr

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What it does

This SAS Macro transfers the environment from the particular operating system to SAS Macro variables.

  • Characters "not appreciated" by SAS are removed from variable values.
  • If a specific variable name is supplied, this will be the only one transferred.
Code executed Function performed

%MACRO xset(xvar);

 Start Macro definition with name and positional parameter xvar

filename path pipe "set" lrecl = 2048;

 Open source for text data of type pipe pointing to OS command

data ecotope / view = ecotope;

 Start datastep run group to create a view

length xvar $256 xval $1024;

 Declare variables xvar and xval by length in bytes

infile path dlm = '=';

 Utilize data stream from data source path

input xvar $ xval $;

 Define structure of data stream path with variables xvar and xval

xvar = upcase(translate(xvar,'_','(-)'));

 Remove unwanted characters from variable xvar

%IF %LENGTH(&XVAR.) != 0 %THEN %DO;

 Specify branch on macro parameter xvar for using code segment

if trim(xvar) = "%UPCASE(&XVAR.)";

 Restrict properties kept to name in macro parameter xvar

%END;

 End branch on macro parameter xvar

run;

 End data step run group

proc sql noprint;

 Initialize SQL interpreter in silent mode

select xvar

 Query values in data field xvar

into :xvar_l separated by ' '

 Generate macro variable xvar_l from blank-separated list-of-values

from ecotope

 Use data step view ecotope

 ;

 Trigger immediate query execution

quit;

 Terminate SQL interpreter

%GLOBAL &XVAR_L.;

data _NULL_;

 Start datastep run group without creating a dataset

set ecotope;

call symput(compress(xvar),compress(xval));

 Transfer variable values to symbol table

run;

 End data step run group

filename path clear;

 Close source for text data

%MEND xset;

 End Macro definition with name

How it is done

  1. The Macro first defines the OS command "SET" as text data source (SAS file reference) of type "PIPE" that delivers a dynamic two-column matrix with delimiter "=" upon reference to the fileref.
  2. This fileref is then used to dynamically "populate" a "data step view" that serves as data source for subsequent processing.
  3. From the left side of the matrix accessed the SQL procedure obtains the names of the OS environment variables and stores them as blank-separated list into a macro variable for use later on.
  4. Finally a data step with name "_NULL_" is used to write the two-variable dataset delivered by the data step view into the global symbol table.

Special Effects

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